Light is a form of energy that propagates in the form of electromagnetic waves. It is visible to the human eye when it has a wavelength between about 400 and 700 nanometers. It travels at about 300,000 km per second in a vacuum. Light can behave both as a wave and as a particle (photon), a phenomenon called wave-particle duality. It interacts with matter through phenomena such as reflection, refraction, absorption and dispersion, influencing colors, visibility and perception.
Artificial light is produced by man-made sources, such as incandescent lamps, LEDs and fluorescent lamps. Generated by converting electrical energy into light, it simulates natural light to illuminate interior and exterior spaces when there is no sunlight. It is used to improve visibility, create atmospheres, and support night-time activities. Different lighting technologies vary in energy efficiency, emitted color, duration and environmental impact.
LED (light-emitting diode) light is an efficient and long-lasting light source. LEDs produce light through the movement of electrons in a semiconductor material when an electric current passes through it. Compared to traditional lamps, LEDs consume less energy, last longer, and offer a wide range of colors and intensities. They also contain no mercury and generate less heat, making them a sustainable and versatile choice for lighting in many contexts.
